Network

Objective: 1. Provide knowledge of computer communications from user point of view in the context of local area network. 2. Explain the basic concepts of communications within Local Area Network with emphasis on access techniques and basic protocol. 3. Providing user services Assignment Overview: * This is an individual assignment * The student must produce a written report and must be submitted on the dateline * The student expected to present the assignment Question:You are a network engineer at a private office. You are required to produce a proposal to the upper management. in order to install a new network infrastructure for a new detachment of the office. You need to obtain the information as accurate as possible to the specification released by our superior. your work include of identifying router, gateway, bridge and switches according to the minimum specification given. Specification according to the proposed network devices: device| specification| outer| * Able to support f lexible and adaptive infrastructure * Support for layer 2 and layer 3 * IP/MPLS traffic engineering support * 8 copper GbE(10/100/1000)interface * Support 3G/4G * Support PoE,10GbE| gateway| * Simplifies sparing strategy for operators even they use variety of backhaul * Technologies (DSL, Ethernet, T1/E1 and so on) across their network. * Allow operators to choose clocking strategy of their choice: T1/E1, line timing or BITS. Transport ATM,TDM * Packet traffic over IP/MPLS| bridge| * 24 to 48 10/100/1000BAsE-T ports * Fixed panel Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) to support high speed backbone or link aggregation| switch| * Support level2 and level 3 * Throughput capability is more than 1. 28 Tbps * Port able to support from 1GbE to 10GbE| 1. By referring to the specification above, suggest and identify the type of network device that fulfilled the requirements as stated. 2. The hosen device need to be identified with its feature and the interoperability with the specification stated above. 3. Each of the features of the devices needs to be explained in terms of user perspective and the jargon should be carefully breakdown into concise description. 4. Include the picture of the devices in the report. 5. Explain the reason why you choose the particular network device and compare it with the specification. If the chosen network device do not met the requirements, please provide the appropriate justification.

Pyscological Disorders Essay

Behaviourism has many different strengths and weaknesses. One strength of the approach is that is has successfully applied classical and operant condition to its theories. This is strength as it is used in different therapies such as systematic desensitization, which is a type of behaviour therapy to help overcome phobias and other anxiety disorders; it is based on classical conditioning. Another strength is that it uses scientific methods of research making it much more objective, measurable and observable as well as being able to obtain reliable results. An example of this is Banduras’ bobo doll of study of aggression. However, there are also weaknesses to this approach. The Behaviourism approach focuses too much on the â€Å"nurture† side of nature/nurture debate and suggests that all behaviour is learned. However, research has shown that cognitive and biological elements have been proved to affect individual’s behaviour. For example, people learn behaviour by observing others getting rewarded for certain actions. Another weakness is the ethical issues raised by using animals in experiments. This is because animals cannot consent to take part and are unable to withdraw themselves from experiments, for example, Pavlov’s dog studies. A major strength of this theory is that it is quick and affordable. As the behaviourism theory focuses on the future and what is happening now instead of the past, treatment can be quick and effective as they are not discussing past experiences which may be time consuming. However, because this theory ignores past experiences and influences, it may cause problems as individuals may need to discuss past experiences in order to sort their emotions out. Because this theory ignores them and focuses on present experiences it can cause a major problem as people may not be able to benefit from the therapy as they need to discuss their past. * Social Learning Theory: The Social Learning theory was developed my Albert Bandura who believed that we can learn by observing others. This theory however, has different strengths and weaknesses. One of the great strengths of the social learning theory is that it combines important models of learning. This therefore makes it a good education theory. Another strength is that children are seen are easy to teach and any child can be taught. Albert believed that motivation comes largely through praise. The praise, however, is seen indirectly, since it is the model that is praised, not the child. Once motivated, the model provides the bulk of teaching. The general concept is that children just the right environment to begin learning useful skills. Another strength is that it is an easy theory to grasp and it seems to be generally proven by actual experience. For example, when learning to play football, individuals often first watch a game on TV, which provides the inspiration and motivation to learn to play. However, there are weaknesses that question if this theory is correct. The main weakness of this theory is that is does not include the child’s cognitive development. While there are some cognitive insights in the social learning theory, they are not explained. Albert believed that a child was seen as a sponge, absorbing information through modelling. However, the child’s contribution to how models are absorbed is processed and worked out through time and is not present to any extent in the theory. Another weakness is that is does not have any given cause. The social learning theory explains that motivation exists though praise. However, it seems that motivation is socially conditioned, and therefore relative. The social learning then takes the basic social structure as normative and standard, without judgement. * Psychodynamic: This theory was developed by Sigmund Freud and Erik Erickson and believed that we are not always aware of all aspects of ourselves. They ignored all science theories and focused going â€Å"inside the head†. However this theory has different strengths and weaknesses. One strength of the psychodynamic theory is that is focused on the effects that childhood experiments have on the personality. This is a strength because Freud was the first psychologist to realise the importance of childhood. It also led to other psychologists including Piaget developing theories on childhood. Another strength is that it takes both nature and nurture into account. This is a major strength as is emphasise the importance of both. For example, Freud’s assumption of childhood experiences focused on nurture whereas the ID, Ego and Super-ego focused on nature. However, a weakness of the psychodynamic approach is that it is capable of being tested. This is a weakness because the assumptions cannot be scientifically measured or proved wrong, for example, is the idea of the mind being split into three parts. This cannot be proven so therefore questions if its valid information. Another weakness is that it suggests that all behaviour is pre-determined and people do not have free will. * Biological approach: The biological approach was developed by Arnold Gessel who explained the developmental process and stages involved from conception onwards. A strength of this theory is that it is very scientific. This is a major strength because the experiments used are measurable, objective and can be repeated to obtain reliable results. Also, the researcher has more control over the variable. Another strength of the approach is that it increases the likelihood of being able to treat people with abnormal behaviour and provides explanations about the causes of behaviour. This is a major strength as it can be used to improve people’s lives. However, a weakness of the biological approach is that is focuses too much on the â€Å"nature† side of the nature/nurture debate. It argues that behaviour is caused by hormones, neurotransmitters and genetics. Another weakness of the biological approach is that it develops theories about disorders and generalises them to apply to everyone. It does not take into account the view that humans are unique. An example for is that general adaption syndrome assumes that everyone responds in the same way to stress but does not take into account that some people have or need more support than others. * Cognitive: The Cognitive theory was development by Jean Piaget who believed children are born with a very basic mental structure, genetically inherited and evolved, in which all subsequent learning and knowledge is based. One strength of the cognitive approach is that is looks at thought processes which were ignored by other psychologists, especially behaviourists. It looks at processes such as memory, attention and perception which all have an effect on our behaviour. Another strength of this approach is that its theories have been applied to cognitive therapies such as rational emotive therapy which is a therapy that focuses on resolving emotional and behavioural problems and helping people to lead happier and more fulfilling lives. This therapy has been successful in changing irrational thoughts so that behaviour improves. However, a weakness of the cognitive approach is that it reduces human behaviour down to individual processes such as memory and attention. This is a weakness because the human is a product of all the processes working together and not just individual parts. Another weaknesses is that the approach is too mechanical, it compares the human to computers and suggests they have similar though processes. This is a weakness as humans are much more complex than computers. * Humanistic: The humanistic approach was developed by a psychologist called Abraham Maslow who observed the study of the whole person. He looked at human behaviour not only through the eyes of the observed, but through the eyes of the person doing the behaving. A strength of this theory is that is focuses on both the positive nature of humankind and the free will associated with change. Another strength is the way in which many of its aspects fit well with other approaches. Many therapies have provided a more humanistic undertone in their work with clients. Even though they may argue that the humanistic theory does not go far enough, they see the benefit in helping people change. However, a weakness of this theory if that is appears to centre on its lack of concrete treatment on specific issues. With the basic concept behind the theory being free will, it is difficult to develop treatments and study the effectiveness of this theory. Secondly, there are those who believe that the humanistic theory does not help those with more severe personality or mental health problems. Another weakness is that this theory is still not complete as there are different questions that are still unanswered. For example, are people basically good or are their some individuals who are not capable of this? As these questions are still unanswered it questions if the theory is effective.

In Another Country

In Another Country Themes: * Wounded * The patient’s leg seems to be broken and he is in therapy to fix it. * The three boys who also go to the hospital are wounded in some way, one has a broken nose and his face is deformed. * The doctor’s wife died so he is wounded emotionally and mentally. * Detached * Author says he is detached from everything and nothing held them together except for the hospital. Literary Devices/Style: * Anaphora * â€Å"†¦and the wind blew their tails. The deer hung stiff and heavy and empty, and small birds blew in the wing and the wind turned their feathers.It was a cold fall and the wing came down from the mountains. † (206) * â€Å"We were all at the hospital every afternoon, and there were different ways of walking across the town through the dusk to the hospital. Two of the ways were alongside canals, but they were long, Anyways though you crossed a bridge across a canal to enter the hospital. There was a choice of three bridg es. On one of them a woman sold roasted chestnuts. It was warm, standing in frontofhercharcoal fire, and the chestnuts were warm afterward in your pocket. (206) * Punctuation (commas) * â€Å"They were all three from Milan, and one of them was to be a lawyer, and one was to be a painter, and one had intended to be a soldier, and after we were finished with the machines, sometimes we walked back together to the Cafe Cova, which was next door to the Scala. † (207) * Author uses dialogue to develop the story more and include more insight on what each character is dealing with. * Author also uses his own thoughts to describe what he is feeling and it unravels the other character’s personality as well.

Compare and contrast two different type of suras in the Qur'an Research Paper

Compare and contrast two different type of suras in the Qur'an - Research Paper Example These verses also instilled hope in the believers, as for them Allah repeatedly promised Paradise, the eternal abode of bliss. (Denffer) The Madinite Surahs on the other hand were focused on educating the believers in laws, duties and injunctions upon them, once an Islamic State at Madina was formed. These verses taught the appropriate way of living and how matters should be resolved. They also warned the believers of the hypocrites living within them in the society who were conspiring against Islam and the believers. (Denffer) The Surah starts with the first verse revealed to the Prophet (P.B.U.H), which was: to read in the name of The Creator. The Surah first acknowledges that there is a Creator of the universe and that same Creator has made mankind out of congealed blood. He is the Generous, the Knowledgeable, who imparts knowledge to mankind as He pleases. Recognizing Allah as the sole Creator is the first and foremost part of the Islamic faith. The Surah further builds upon the fundamental beliefs of the Muslims by mentioning that each soul shall return to Allah and the Angels are at His command, which will bring about destruction and calamity if ordered by Allah. Hence we see three articles of Islamic faith mentioned in this short Surah: the Oneness of Allah, the Angels and Resurrection. The verse further enjoins to prostrate in front of Allah and no other being, for He alone is the one Who can protect mankind. This prostration was later made a formal way of worship called the Salah. (Ali) This Surah explains that a Final Hour that will come which will end life on this world and on that Day the dead will be resurrected and will account for their deeds. It further describes what the Striking Hour is and when it will come. The devastation created on that day is metaphorically explained by mankind being scattered as moths and mountains flying in air like discarded wool. This predicts the mayhem and destruction marked

Discuss the behavioral issues involved in Merit inc.'s standard cost Assignment

Discuss the behavioral issues involved in Merit inc.'s standard cost dilemma - Assignment Example of the employees the system does not offer a platform for the employees to work competitively in a bid to produce quality products, instead the system has offered an ideal situation which does not give allowance for errors in the processes and defects relative to the material usage. This has contributed to low productivity which is attributed to low morale level for work. On the other hand, the system has offered an ideal situation that has made it hard for the managers to achieve any set goal. This has led to a considerable decline of the manager’s motivation. In the case of the three responses from the plant manager, controller and human resources director, it is generally observable that the standard cost system provided an ideal situation which left the company not able to progress. In the case of the plant manager’s response the organization is suffering since all the operations are done in an ideal business milieu which does not reflect the efforts of the employees thus killing their morale. This aspect has seen the organization’s productivity decline considerably. The advantage of this response is that the management understands well that, there is need of the standard system change to one that will be based on the expected actual prices and previous efficiency averages. This approach is advantageous since it will enhance identification of the variance relative to the level of improvement. In essence, this approach will enhance the employees’ morale for better results. In the case of the controller’s resp onse the organizational milieu is reflected as one operating in an ideal milieu, which is not profitable and achievable when measuring performance against an absolute standard. The advantage of this response is that offers an insight that the organization need to change tactic on nature of the cost standard. In this case the cost standards should be measured to par relative to a golf course. This will enable the management to evaluate

Islam and democracy are not compatible comment on this sentence Essay

Islam and democracy are not compatible comment on this sentence - Essay Example The nature of Islam as a religion accounts for the reason why democracy is a distant vision in the vast Muslim world. Muslim scholars and political philosophers have conducted numerous empirical studies meant to establish the relationship between Islam and democracy. Most of these empirical studies are motivated by the fact that there has been a profound resistance of democracy by Muslims; thus indicating that Islam and democracy are not compatible. As an illustration of the aforementioned incompatibility, we will discuss interaction of religion and democracy in modern Islamic states like Saudi Arabia, Malaysia and Indonesia. Admittedly, Saudi Arabia has been an absolute monarchy state since time immemorial. Citizens of Saudi Arabia have never participated in any political election (58-59).1 The only reason for this absence of participation is attributed to the fact that the absolute monarchy system in Saudi Arabia does not permit formation of political parties. The king, who is the leader of the royal family, literally rules the nation. However, the king must comply with Islamic law, commonly referred to as the Sharia. This means all functions and decisions of the royal leadership are made in accordance with provisions of Sharia. Influence of Islam remains fully practical particularly because the royal leadership performs all the executive, judicial and legislative functions.2 Presently, Saudi Arabia is an example of modern st ates where Islam remains fully influential in social, economic and political platforms. Unlike Saudi Arabia, Malaysia is a constitutional monarchy state. Citizens participate in election of parliamentary representatives. However, the king of Malaysia is appointed by a royal council of hereditary rulers. Citizens have limited participation in high-level politics. Recently, political parties like the

Business analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business analysis - Essay Example The company owns more than 700 stores which are operating in United Kingdom and more than 300 of these stores are spread in around 40 countries. The company possesses expertise and specialists in the production and selling of luxury, food, and clothing products. Marks and Spencer was initiated by Thomas Spencer and Michael Marks in the year 1884 in Leeds (M&S, 2012). Later, during the late 1990s, the company gained the status of being the first British retailer to earn a pre-tax profit of more than  £1 billion. Afterwards, within a period of two years, it was caught in the economic and financial crises which took many years for the company to recover. At the moment, the company is the leading retailer of UK and, every week, over 21 million people visit the stores of M&S. The company offers high quality, creative and great value products for home and clothing along with the food of an outstanding quality. The products of the company are responsibly sourced from over 20,000 suppliers from all over the world (M&S, 2012). Moreover, an M&D employee 78,000 people from and outside UK, and possesses an international business which is expanding on an enormous rate. The concept of business environment pertains to the environment in which a business organization performs its activities and functions. It may be defined as an environment which comprises of the economic, political, social, and legal factors which impact the functions and operations of business either directly or indirectly. These factors have a direct bearing on the activities of business processes (Richard Pelly, 2011). A business environment of an organization is of two types: This environment is related to the internal aspects of the organization and affects the functions and activities directly. It includes the elements such as man, machinery, material, management, and marketing (Francisco, 2011). These factors are controllable and can change the other

Does Hand Hygiene Hompliance Increase among Staff Members Aware of a Essay

Does Hand Hygiene Hompliance Increase among Staff Members Aware of a Population of Immuno-Compromised Patients - Essay Example This Challenge is an international reality: no clinic, no hospital, no health-care system, no health post and no dispensary can presently say that compliance with hand hygiene suggestions is not an issue. â€Å"WHO Guidelines for Hand Hygiene in Health Care prepared with the help of more than 100 international experts, are in the testing and implementation phases in different parts of the world. Pilot sites range from modern, high-technology hospitals in developed countries to remote dispensaries in resource-poor villages† (World Alliance for Patient Safety: Who Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care (Advanced Draft); A Summary 2005, p. 5). In October 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the campaign for hand hygiene importance worldwide, with the theme â€Å"Clean Care Is Safer Care† (Patient Safety 2012) as part of the Hand Hygiene Health Care draft. This program has already caused many people and organizations to participate, the Ministries of Health from 124 countries agreed to collaborate to lower infection due to poor hand hygiene and support the efforts of WHO. (Allegranzi et al. 2009). Most pathogens transmitted by the hands of health care workers. (Doebbling et al. 1992). All patients on the department develop a side effect of they’re treatment called neutropenic sepsis. Neutropenic sepsis is defined as drop in the white blood cell count, which are the bodies major defense against infections. As some research has found that as little as 47% compliance of hand hygiene in health care workers (Randle et al. 2010). Identification of Research Question/Objectives/Problem/Hypothesis: The research question to be focused on this paper is: â€Å"Does hand hygiene compliance increase among staff members aware of a population of immunocompromised patients’’? Selection and Rationale for the Research Methodology: There are Two Methods of Research: By definition quantitative research deals with quantities and relat ionships   between attributes; it involves the collection and analysis of highly structured data in the positivist tradition (Bowling 2002). Whereas qualitative research can be described as a study of people in there natural social settings and to collect naturally occurring data (Bowling 2002).  Ã‚   Design Method Used: The researcher proposes to utilize the method of quasi experimental design , the method is, nevertheless, a very useful method for measuring social  variables. (Parahoo 2006). The inherent weaknesses in the methodology do not undermine the  validity  of the data, as long as they are recognized and allowed for during the whole  experimental process. Firm statistical analysis can be very difficult due to the lack of proper controls (Polit and Beck 2008). Quasi-experimental design includes choosing groups, upon which a variable is tested, with no any random pre-selection procedures. â€Å"For example, to perform an educational experiment, a class might be arbitrarily divided by alphabetical selection or by seating arrangement. The division is often convenient and, especially in an educational situation, causes as little disruption as possible† (Quasi-Experimental Design 2008). Differences of Quasi Experiment and a True Experiment:

WorkBrain Corp- A case in exit stratgy Research Paper

WorkBrain Corp- A case in exit stratgy - Research Paper Example The company is doing fairly well being a private entity. The company has cash in abundance, over $10 million and can easily operate within its realm. Moreover the current investors of the company are happy with the position of the firm in the market and are willing to even invest more if need arises. No investor of the company has expressed any desire to withdraw its investment. These are positive signs for the company and if it wishes to expand then the best alternate is to use cash from current investors who trusted in the vision of the company before it came into existence. Going public may mean new investors with a different vision that might not be in compliance with the current investors. Saying all this now is the perfect time to go public. Going public would mean more customers for the company. At the moment WorkBrain has to convince its clients that it is financially solvent and in a good position to provide services to them. As the customers cannot see the financial positio n of a private company they hesitate to get the work done from them. If WorkBrain goes public then all the financial details will be present for the customers to see and approach the company for their services. The company will benefit tremendously as it would be able to make clients and customers in much larger numbers. Keeping in mind how solvent the company is, it is the best time for WorkBrain to go public and make more customers (Bilimoria, 2007). The best option for the company would be to go with TSX listing. The reason for this is that TSX in future would be more viable. Compared to NASDAQ, TSX has a small-cap market with more some to medium term service providers and financial institutions. WorkBrain perfectly fits in their category. NASDAQ is more prestigious and has a larger clientele in terms of revenues. It would be fair to say that if WorkBrain needs to go with NASDAQ it would have to come up with a revenue margin of around $75 million. The reason for the company to go public is that it makes it financial statement visible in the market so that potential customers would know how solvent the company is. Going public gives them a chance to come out in the open and make more customers. Acquisition is a completely different proposition. It deals with selling a part of the company or rather a share of profit with someone who is ready in buying a part of business. Normally the rate at which an acquirer buys part of the business is a much bigger rate because of the goodwill attached with the firm. As WorkBrain has done tremendously well showing consistent profit since it emergence, the takeover would have to pay a lot of money for the acquisition. But there is no need of selling part or whole of the business when the firm is making sufficient profits and it is predicted that the company will only look to grow more in the coming years (Arnold, 2008). There might be other alternates that the company might look at. Bank loan is one of them but it comes wit h a cost. A high interest rate has to be paid whenever a company takes a loan from the bank. The biggest advantage of a loan is that the current owners will get to keep the possession of the firm without selling any part of the business to an investor or by going public in the stock exchange. The current owners will get to make the decisions just the way they now do as they will have the control of the firm. Lack of ability to pay in time may get the business into trouble and if

Language Development Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Language Development - Research Paper Example Children show more receptive than productive language. Articulation disorders, Fluency disorders, Resonance or voice disorders Language disorders, Expressive disorders are the common forms of disorders that can be recognized when a child is delayed in the language improvement and these can be cured by the speech training and speech therapy. Speech-language therapy is the treatment for most children with speech and/or language disorders. A speech disorder refers to a problem with the actual production of sounds, whereas a language disorder refers to a difficulty understanding or putting words together to communicate ideas. Edward.Carr observed that a combination of simultaneous communication training and separate vocal training may have a synergetic effect on speech development. Hence while planning language intervention programs, providing ideal situations and contexts for language learning that supports the use of various effective approaches is of utmost importance. The context or type of activity (e.g., play-dough, book reading) can strongly influence the level of caregiver responsiveness (Girolametto & Weitzman, 2002) during the speech training. This suggests that different child learning levels require different teaching methods of language learning. Hence the current study observes various approaches of speech training tools at different stages of child development. The study observes different speech training tools like drama, mime, and improvisation for language development in different age group children from 3 years to 18 years. As children make a deliberate effort to master the sounds and sound patterns of the adult language, Ferguson and Farwell (1975) noted that children work simultaneously at mastering the sound system of the language as a whole and the sound patterns of individual words. So linguists caution against assuming that the correct adult pronunciation always underlies a child's mispronunciation (Waterson 1981). So this advice for careful speech training during the speech storage during early childhood and in school going children.

Imagine Yourself 26 Years Ahead Essay Example for Free

Imagine Yourself 26 Years Ahead Essay It was flaming hot, the sand beneath my bare legs burned when it hit water. I thrived to keep my eyes open, but instead I drifted into my daydreams imaginations, and spontaneously everything was peaceful and utterly dreamy. It was more to a vision than a dream when I imagine myself in 2026, but within an instant I am blown away. I discover that I am the new legend in the genetic research field in the United States, not only that but a mother too. Consequently, I see an extraordinary day of my future sought life, a casual day yet inscribed within history: the day I discover the AIDS cure. Suddenly, a river of emotions erupts through my veins but I know it’s everything I want in my future and everything I want the world to remember me by, to be a person who changed the world. In my future life I’m married to a guy called Joseph khan, he becomes the first man to step on Jupiter. I linger in my visions and expectations of future, wanting nothing more but to reach for it and make it happen, but then I wake up. The sun was down but I can see my surroundings as still as they were, then out of nowhere I see a guy setting near, â€Å"what’s your name† the stranger said in a soft deep voice, â€Å"Mariah† I breathed, stunned. He walked slowly and stretched his tanned arm toward me â€Å"khan, Joseph khan.† I was hooked.

Environmental Science Essay Example for Free

Environmental Science Essay Gagandeep Rai Period 3/4 Criteria air pollutants assignment​ Multiple Choice 1. A pungent reddish ­brown gas often associated with photochemical smog. (C) NO2 2. A corrosive gas from burning coal often associated with industrial smog. (d) SO2 3. A dangerous indoor air pollutant. (A) CO 4. Emitted from diesel and burning fuel. (E) PM10 5. All of the following are examples of primary air pollutants except. (c) tropospheric ozone 6. The greatest emission of sulfur dioxide comes from (C) Industrial processes 7. The least amount of nitrogen oxide emissions comes from (A) on ­ road vehicles 8. The accumulation of tropospheric ozone at night depends mainly upon the atmospheric concentrations of (B) volatile organics 1. What are they? The six criteria air pollutants are sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides,lead,particulate matter and tropospheric ozone. These six pollutants significantly threaten human health, ecosystems and/or structures. 2. How is each produced? Sulfur dioxide is mostly produced from the burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil. It can also be released during volcanic eruptions. Nitrogen oxides are produced from vehicles as well as stationary fossil fuel combustion. Some is also released through lightning and forest fires.Carbon monoxide is formed by incomplete combustion of most matter. Vehicle exhaust and many other combustion process produce Carbon monoxide. It is also a indoor pollutant when exhaust systems on natural gas heaters misfunction. Carbon dioxide is produced from complete combustion of most matter such as biomass and fossil fuels . Particulate matter is released when fossil fuels and bio fuel is burned. Also it is released with activities that involve movement of dust or sand. Lead is released from old paint, gasoline additive and combustion of fossil fuels.

Bezlotoxumab (Zinplava) with MAYO Clinic

Bezlotoxumab (Zinplava) with MAYO Clinic Group 4: Rafi Saadallah, Anthony Hill, Alex Nedved, Angel Withrow Bezlotoxumab (Zinplava) BLT with MAYO Clinic Pharmacy and Therapeutic committee Drug Evaluation Monograph: Generic Name Bezlotoxumab Brand Name Zinplava Manufacturer MERCK SHARP DOHME Therapeutic Category 80:04 Antitoxins and Immune Globulins Classification J06BB: Specific Immunoglobulins FDA Classification: Approved (rating not specified) Status: Rx only Similar Agents on Market None Summary: Zinplava is the first and only monoclonal antibody FDA approved for prevention of recurrent C. Diff infections. It is used as an add on therapy to decrease risk of recurrent C. Diff. Zinplava is currently the only drug in its class because its currently the only drug in the market that prevents the recurrence of CDI instead of treating the actual infection. The drugs mechanisms of action is unique due to its ability to inhibit Toxin B and stopping its effects on the cell. After looking at the trials, its hard to see any side effects that can prevent people from taking this drug. Most of the Zinplavas side effects were nausea, headaches, and infusion problems. It is recommended to not use this drug with people who have congestive heart failure. Recommendations: It is recommended to add Zinplava to the drug formulary for add on therapy. It is usefull for those patients that are at especially high risk of a recurrent C. Diff infection. Zinplava currently costs $4,560.00 per vial and while it has been proven to reduce the risk of recurrent zinplava the use of this medication can only be justified in patients that meet criteria that would put them at high risk of recurrent C. Difff. With other options available to prevent recurrent C. Diff it can only be justified to use zinplava in a particular group of patients that cannot tolerate alternative medical interventions and are at an increased risk of recurrent C. Diff. Pharmacological Data: Mechanism of action: A monoclonal antibody that inhibits Toxin B (does not bind to Toxin A) and stops the effect on Mammalian cells. This drug should not be used alone, instead it needs to be used in conjunction with other antibiotics to treat recurrence cases of C.Diff. Therapeutic Indications: FDA approved on June 9th, 2016 for the prevention and treatment of recurrent C.diff in patients > 18 years of age that are undergoing antimicrobial therapy for the treatment of C. Diff. Evidence Based Guidelines Zinplava was approved in October 2016 and its place in guideline therapy has not yet been determined. It is the first monoclonal antibody approved for the prevention of recurrent C. Diff. and guidelines do not yet reflect therapy with zinplava for the prevention of primary or recurrent C. Diff. All guidelines available are only for the treatment of C.diff and do not yet include zinplava. Clinical Studies: The safety of Zinplava was evaluated in two placebo-controlled Phase 3 trials. Patients received a single Zinplava dose with antimicrobial treatment for C. diff infection. Between the experimental group and placebo group, mortality rates were slightly lower in the experimental group at 7.1% compared to 7.6% at a 12 week follow-up. Common side effects noted were nausea, pyrexia, and headache. Heart failure was listed as a serious adverse reaction, as it occurred in 2.3% of the experimental group compared to 1% in the placebo group. Infusion related reactions were reported in 10% of patients treated with Zinplava compared to 8% of placebo patients. In terms of recurrence prevention efficacy, Trial 1 had 386 patients in the Zinplava group and 395 patients in the control group. Disease recurrence was found in 67 patients (17.4%) treated with Zinplava and in 109 patients (27.6%) of the control group. In Trial 2, there were 395 patients in the Zinplava group and 378 patients in the control group. Disease recurrence was found in 62 patients (15.7%) treated with Zinplava and in 97 patients (25.7%) of the control group. There was no statistical significance Merck Sharp Dohme Corp. A study of MK-3415, MK-6072, and MK-3415A in participants receiving antibiotic therapy for clostridium difficile infection (MK-3415A-001) (MODIFY I). NLM Identifier: NCT01241552. Last updated November 30, 2015. Available at: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01241552?term=NCT01241552rank=1. Merck Sharp Dohme Corp. A study of MK-6072 and MK-3415A in participants receiving antibiotic therapy for clostridium difficile infection (MK-3415A-002) (MODIFY 11). NLM Identifier: NCT01513239. Last updated October 29, 2015. Available at: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01513239?term=NCT01513239rank=1. Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability Absorption Immediately and 100% bioavailable Distribution Vd is 7.33 L Metabolism By Catabolism Excretion Primarily by Catabolism Dosage Forms: Drug Bezlotoxumab Formulation Solution Strength 1000 mg/40 ml (25 mg/ml) Storage 2-8 ÂÂ °C (Do not freeze) Special considerations Solutions diluted for infusion may be stored at room temperature for up to 16 hours or under refrigeration for up to 24 hours. Administration Infusion over a 60 minute period through a sterile, low protein binding 0.2 to 5 micro line or add on filter. Can be administered through a central line or a peripheral catheter. Dosage Range: Adults IV 10 mg/kg (single dose) Children Only studied in 18 years or older Elderly Same as adult dosing Hepatic Failure No dose adjustments Renal Impairment No dose adjustments Adverse Effects Adverse Effects Nausea, Pyrexia, Headache, Infusion related reactions, Immunogenicity Serious: Congestive Heart Failure exacerbation Special Precautions: In congestive heart failure patients, Bezlotoxumab should be reserved for patients where benefit outweighs the risk in order to reduce risk of worsening heart failure. Contraindications: None Drug Interactions: -Belimumab: Monoclonal Antibodies may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Belimumab(Brand name: Benlysta). Drug Food interactions: None. Drug Laboratory Test interactions: None. Patient Safety: -Zinplava has a good side effect profile with the most common side effect being nausea. The patient should tell their doctor if they have or have had a history of congestive heart failure, as it can be a serious side effect of the zinplava. Monitoring Guidelines : Monitor for signs and symptoms of adverse reactions. Patient Information: -Zinplava doesnt take the place of their antibacterial treatment for CDI. Patient must continue to take their treatment regimen as directed. You will need to have a doctors appointment to receive Zinplava. Administration will take one hour via IV route. If you miss an appointment, contact your doctor right away. Cost Comparison: Drug (Strength) Daily Dose/Dosing AWP Zinplava 1000 mg/40 mL (25 mg/mL) 10 mg/kg infusion over 1 hour $4560.00( per vial: 1000 mg/40 ml) Vancomycin HCL in dextrose IV -1g/200ml -500 mg/100 ml -750 mg/150 ml $27.65 $7.92 $14.50 Vancomycin HCL in NaCl IV -1g/200 ml -500 mg/100 ml -750 mg/150 ml $28.55 $8.82 $15.40 Vancomycin HCL IV 10 g 500 mg 750 mg 1000 mg 5000 mg $206.40 $8.40 $11.63 $15.60 $85.50 Pharmacoeconomic Analysis: Problem definition: -The objective of this analysis is to determine if Zinplava should be used as an add on to antimicrobial therapy. Perspective: -Will be from the perspective of the institution. Specific treatment alternatives and outcomes: -Zinplava can only be used as an add on to antimicrobial therapy for the treatment and prevention of recurrent Clostridium Difficile. The treatment options are either antimicrobial therapy without zinplava and antimicrobial therapy with zinplava. Pharmacoeconomic model: Number need to treat with zinplava will be used in order to detail the effects that zinplava has in order to make a realistic judgement as to whether or not zinplava is worth the extra cost to add on therapy in terms of determining if adding on zinplava can be justified from an economic perspective. . -NNT (Vancomycin and Zinplava) = 5.5 Drugs: Average Cost: Vancomycin $25.6 (per 1 gram) Vancomycin + Zinplava $25.6 (per 1 gram) + $4,560 (1000mg/40 ml) = $4,585.6 [Note to reader: Number needed to treat data was extrapolated from a randomized, double blind controlled study using 200 patients during a phase 2 trial. Recurrence of C. Diff. (measured after 84 days) between the monoclonal antibody and placebo group was 7% and 25%, respectively with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value Presented by Rafi Saadallah, Anthony Hill, Alex Nedved, Angel Withrow to the Pharmacy and Therapeutics committee on March 10th, 2017 Reference: Lowy I, Molrine DC, Leav BA, Blair BM, Baxter R, Gerding DN, Nichol G, Thomas WD, Jr., Leney M, Sloan S, Hay CA, Ambrosino DM: Treatment with monoclonal antibodies against Clostridium difficile toxins. N Engl J Med 2010, 362:197-205.(Economic analysis refrence)

Children and the Media/Advertising Essay -- essays research papers

It has been noted that the media and advertising industries have targeted the children in the process of selling products and services. Children are in the age range that is most influenced and are most desired for companies to sell products to. Minors are young and are therefore potential long-term consumers. Some of these advertising industries include companies selling credit cards, tobacco, alcohol, clothing and fast food. According to marketing expert James U. McNeal, PhD, author of "The Kids Market: Myths and Realities" (Paramount Market Publishing, 1999), children under 12 already spend a $28 billion a year. Teen-agers spend $100 billion. Children also influence another $249 billion spent by their parents. At the same time they are helping these companies prey and destroy little minds. According to him "Advertising is a massive, multi-million dollar project that's having an enormous impact on child development." "The sheer volume of advertising is gro wing rapidly and invading new areas of childhood, like our schools." A letter protesting psychologists' involvement in children's advertising was written by Commercial Alert, a Washington, D.C., advocacy organization. The letter calls marketing to children a violation of APA's mission of mitigating human suffering, improving the condition of both individuals and society, and helping the public develop informed judgments. It urged the APA to challenge what it calls an "abuse of psychologi...

Skin cancer :: essays research papers

Most parents remembered hearing about the importance of protecting their children from the sun, yet children are still playing in the sun without sunscreen or protective clothing. Many people these days are not taking skin cancer seriously after knowing its significance. Skin cancer has been a growing problem in the United States and millions of people have suffered from it every year. The three most common skin cancers are Melanoma, Basal cell, and Squamous cell, which can cause bumps, sores, growths, etc. Skin cancer is a deadly disease with many causes, but the advantage is that it can be prevented. Problem/Definition Skin cancer is a disease where cancer (malignant) cells are found on the outer layer of the skin (epidermis).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The three types of cells found in the epidermis are squamous cells, basal cells, and melanocytes. These cells in time grow to be cancerous. Thus, the three types of skin cancers are squamous cell, basal cell, and melanoma. Melanoma is the most deadliest and destructive type of cancer. (â€Å"Skin Cancer† infotrac.com) The number of people with melanoma has risen in Scotland from 3.5 in 1979 to 10.6 per 100,000 in 1998 for men and 7.0 to 13.1 for women. (Miller 945) Squamous cell and Basal cell skin cancer can kill up to 2,200 people a year in the United States. (Sommerfield SIRS.com) Basal cell, being the most common type of skin cancer, is the cancer that about 75 percent of the people have. (â€Å"Skin Cancer â€Å" infotrac.com) Melanoma is mostly seen in older men but ever since tanning came in during the 1970’s, it has increased in wom en 60 percent around the ages 15-29 over the past three decades.(Sommerfield SIRS.com) â€Å"And basal cell and squamous cell cancers are increasing at a rate of about 5 percent per year†(Sommerfield SIRS.com). Causes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Skin Cancer is caused by hereditary factors, overexposure to the sun, and weak immune systems. (â€Å"Skin Cancer† infotrac.com) One reason people tend to get skin cancer is when someone in your family has passed their genes down to you, known as hereditary. Normally hereditary is one of the causes in the development of melanoma. For all types of skin cancers, overexposure of the skin to UV radiation in sunlight is the most frequently blamed source of skin cancer. â€Å"Research suggests that sunburns received early in one’s childhood can lead to skin cancer later in life† (â€Å"Skin Cancer† infotrac.com). For example, when someone gets sunburned, you usually don’t know till ten to twenty years after and that’s why people don’t get skin cancer till they reach their twenties.

The Glass Menagerie :: essays research papers

The play the Glass Menagerie supports the theme of illusions. A menagerie, a zoo, refers to a group of inhuman creatures. Since the creatures are glass, they are very fragile and not real. The title specifically refers to Laura’s collection of glass animals mainly horses. To escape the harshness of reality, Laura spends hours playing with the menagerie; this is an imaginary world for her. It is not only Laura, it is all of the Wingfields, they are all fragile enough to break easily. They burn with the slow and impeccable fires of human desperation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Glass Menagerie is a sad story of hopelessness and tragedy, a story of human nature and how it affects people's lives. The story itself may not seem tragic but the social downfall of the Wingfield's in itself is tragic. Williams shows the Southern family in decline, with certain members holding desperately to past visions of grandeur. Amanda Wingfield desperately clings to her romanticized memories of her southern past. Williams makes it clear that her memories are just mere illusions. The south has a tragic history, just like Amanda and Rose.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As you read into the play, you understand that the Wingfield's live in a life of fantasy wrapped in tragedy. Many aspects of their life, I believe, are very depressing and heartbreaking.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Such is the case of Amanda Wingfield. A southern girl, who had the opportunity to marry very rich husbands. She takes a wrong turn and marries a drunk who deserts he, there is no coming back from the one mistake. Everyday she reminisces about her past life and how glorious it once was. Tennessee Williams uses this as a perfect way to compare their present life to their past, creating a feeling of misery and pain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These feelings of misery and hopelessness are enforced by her children's sorrows and wretched lives. As Laura develops a inferiority complex after going to school for one day, the reader develops a sense of compassion.

Land Law Essay

Some of the essential requirements of easements are the presence of a dominant and a servient tenement. In general, dominant tenements are estates that are either fee simple or leasehold; moreover, easements cannot exist in gross or in the absence of a dominant tenement. Further, it is essential for an easement to bestow on the dominant tenement either a benefit or some form of accommodation. This makes it mandatory for the accrual of a tangible benefit to the dominant tenement. Consequently, the easement should make it possible for the dominant owner to utilize the dominant tenement to a greater extent and the benefit conferred must pertain to land. In addition, the dominant and servient tenements should be sufficiently proximate to each other. Moreover, the owner or occupant of the dominant and servient tenements should be different persons. Furthermore, such easement should be eligible to be made the subject matter of a grant by deed. Such a requirement further entails that the granted right is unambiguous, capable of adequately precise definition. In addition, such subject matter should be in concord with the nature of the easement, which in other words, connotes that the easement does not permit exclusive and unrestricted use of the land . Furthermore, the grantee must be competent, and not some indefinite entity. Such a grantee should possess an interest in the dominant tenement at the time of the grant. Moreover, a grantor who is competent to grant such a right should exist and while making the grant, the servient owner should possess an interest in the concerned tenement that is equal to or greater than the interest that devolves from the tenement. There are a few interests that exist in respect of the land bestowed on a land owner, which are conceded by the courts. In one important case, Hill v. Tupper , Pollack C B stated that â€Å"A new species of incorporeal hereditament cannot be created at the will and pleasure of the owner of property; but he must be content to accept the estate and the right to dispose of it subject to the law as settled by decisions or controlled by Act of Parliament† . Moreover, an easement should accommodate the dominant tenement. The right of easement provides a personal advantage; that is related to the land owned by that party. This right enhances the advantage of its enjoyment . There are four components that govern easement in order to accommodate dominant tenement. First, the right to easement requires an improvement in the position of the dominant tenement into an enhanced and convenient property instead of converting it into a personal advantage of the dominant owner. Second, the dominant and servient tenements need to be located proximally so that the easement provides a potential benefit to the dominant tenement. For instance, a track used for carts, which caters to the needs of the farmer and accommodates the farming activities of the farmer, could be located far away from the farm. Third, the users should be disconnected and fourth, there should not be any personal advantage. This had been established in the aforementioned case of Hill v Tupper, in which the owner of a canal leased the banks of the canal and the right to operate boats on the canal to the defendants. In this case the court held that the claimant had a personal interest and thus was precluded from defending against third party actions . Not every right that is granted in respect of land constitutes an easement. For instance, if one person gives another the right to cross his land, which is located at an appreciable distance from the other person’s land, then such a right is not an easement. This was clearly established in the Hill v. Tupper case, wherein the Basingstoke Canal owners extended exclusive rights to the plaintiff to hire boats that would be used for recreational purposes. This business of the plaintiff was jeopardized by the defendant who commenced to compete with him . Instead of filing a breach of contract against the owners of the Basingstoke Canal, the plaintiff, filed a case against the defendant pleading that the defendant was liable in nuisance to him. The Court of the Exchequer, which was hearing this case, expressed its lack of competency to generate, rights that were unrelated to the enjoyment of land and appropriate them to the land with the objective of forming a property in the grantee. However, the plaintiff did possess property that adjoined it . The reason for such a decision can be construed to be that the court was disinclined to permit a commercial benefit to be construed as an easement. This tendency of the courts is clearly established in the case of Moody v. Steggles. In this case an advertisement of a public house was displayed in the defendant’s adjoining land. The court held that the right under dispute pertained to the plaintiff’s business and therefore was unconnected to the right of easement. Thus the easement and the manner in which the land had been occupied were intimately connected . The court decided in the case of London and Blenheim Estates V Ladbrokeretail Parks that a tenement that was dominant had to be adequately identified as such and that it must be sufficiently described so as to render the easement binding on the servient tenement. The appellate court held that it was inadequate to merely grant the right to nominate unspecified land as constituting a dominant tenement in respect of an easement, in order to generate an interest in the land that would serve to bind successors in title to the servient tenement . It is essential for different persons to possess dominant and servient tenements, because an easement constitutes a right over somebody else’s property. Pollock CB, made the distinction between proprietary and personal rights, crystal clear when he opined that ‘A grantor may bind himself by covenant to allow any right he pleases over his property, but he cannot annex to it a new incident, so as to enable the grantee to sue in his own name for an infringement of such a limited right as that now claimed. The sum and substance of this statement is that a number of rights can be created that are governed by contract. Further, it is permissible for a leasehold tenant or a fee simple owner to grant easements. However, a tenant can do so only during the pendency of the lease. If these requirements are not fulfilled, then there is no easement, despite the possible existence of a restrictive covenant, license or lease. With the case of Hill v. Tupper it became evident that an easement must accommodate the dominant tenement. For an easement to be valid, it has to necessarily bestow some benefit on the land, rather than on the owner. In the Hill case the servient tenement was a waterway and lease granted to the claimant was in respect of some land that adjoined this canal. In addition, the claimant was exclusively permitted to make available pleasure luxury boats on this canal. The court however, held that the conduct of business on the servient tenement was insufficient to bestow an easement on the claimant and that it constituted nothing more than a license. Moreover, the court held that the claimant was making a blatant claim to ensure a commercial monopoly. Furthermore, the court decided that no easement could specify the exclusive use of a servient tenement in order to exclude other reasonable users . In Dyce v. Hay there was a claim that all the Queen’s subjects had the right â€Å"to go at all times upon the†¦appellant’s property†¦for the purpose of recreation†. It was held that â€Å"There can be no prescriptive right in the nature of a servitude or easement so large as to preclude the ordinary uses of property by the owner of the lands affected† . As per Lord St. Leonards, the class of servitudes and easements should change and widen in their applicability in accordance with the changes in society and the human condition . This opinion has to be interpreted, while bearing in the mind the maxim that English law does accord, with the exception of statute, recognition to an easement in its entirety. In other words easement should be restrictive. The judgment in the Dyce case makes it very clear that the judiciary was not disposed to expanding the category of easement in order to include rights that had not been recognized by the extant statute. In general some rights are not recognized by the courts as easements. These are a right to a view; a general right to loiter on some other person’s property and a right to shelter oneself from the elements with the help of neighbouring buildings. However, it was clearly demonstrated in the Dyce case that such a list of rights is not conclusive and could be expanded if so required. Although, the list of rights that could be construed to be easements cannot be enumerated, nevertheless, such rights should be similar to those rights that have been accorded the status of easements by law. However, the courts have been reluctant to permit new rights to be accorded the status of easements.

The recent increase in agricultural productivity

In the recent times the agricultural productiveness has been increased two times while the country of the cultivated land is increased by merely 10 percent.But the job is how to manage the inauspicious effects of clime alteration on agribusiness productiity.Incrasing populations at high rate I is besides a serious concern, harmonizing to FAO the universe population will make 9 billion by 2050 which is presently 6.7 billion.It is estimated that the universe agricultural nutrient demand will be increased to 70 % , and at the same clip clime alteration is expectrd Ro cut down the agricultural productivity.The function of developing states is critical and they should must transform their tradional patterns to modern techniques.To guarantee the nutrient security in future FAO has proposed figure of valueable ways through which the agricultural production will increased with minimising the consequence of utmost clime conditions.The proposed methods are soi and alimentary direction in this methods smallholders can profit the most by the usage of manure and harvests residues to increase production.Management of H2O in harvests prodution is besides of import, today irrigation is practiced in merely 20 % of the agricultural land in the devloping states but are genearting 130 % more yields.Smallholders should follow the efficeint methods or H2O use.Cliamte alteration has increased the effects or plagues and diseases impacts on the harvests which in consequence has decreased the outputs leval.Resilence othe ecosystems is of import as ecosystem can assist in many ways in prolonging the cliamte and cut downing the degree of GHGs emissions.Harvesting and supply ironss of the harvests should be efficient and advanced so that the station crop losingss should be minimized.Processing and storage of agricutral merchandises besides helps in cut downing the losingss of excess food.Use of advanced engineerings improves the production degree but at the same clip, in some instances the job of ecological harm, resource development and plague and diseases are noticed.These all patterns are making good in different developing states under the guidline of FAO but still there are still so me information spreads which consequences in the faliure of practical application of these production systems and patterns. Rice is one of the most cardinal nutrient point used in most underdeveloped states and about 3 billion people eat rice daily.Due to the utmost waether conditions H2O logging and irregular rainfall enchantments has adversly effact the end product of rice crop.Differnt methods are proposed to command these effects.Croping forms are changed and embankments are built to construct t protect rice farms from inundations and drouth, tolerant and resistent varities of rice are being introduced.Different researches are being done on rice cultivation and urea deep arrangement UDP engineering has been developed.In bagladesh these this pattern has shown 60 % nest eggs in urea usage and output additions of about 1 ton per hacter.Differnt extenuation and version techniques are being used by different states e.g usage of natural fertilisers, variegation of harvests nad no cultivated land. Conservation agiculture is another pattern which is proposed by FAO it has three steps.Managemant and usage of fertilisers in such a manner that more is produced with less usage of fertilizers.Rotation of harvests and usage of legums workss for nitrogen arrested development and avoidence of tillage.It reduces the vulnerabilty of harvests by version to cliamte alteration and besides better the nutrient security in sustainable way.agroforestry is another pattern by which the issue of milliliter and nutrient security can be minimized.It is the usage of trees an vitamin D bush in agricutural harvest and in land managemnr systemTrees can better the dirt birthrate, particularly the N repairing legume trees.In Africa this system has increased corns end product from 1.3 to 1.6 tons.It is besides one of chief beginning of C sequestartion of the universe CO2 emissions.It is of import for two hundred extenuation. Urban and semi urban agricuture is besides impotant to adress the issue of nutrient security and turning demand.50 % of universe population is populating in metropoliss but they can non run into their demand of nutrient so they rely on rural agri products.In metropoliss agriclture production can be parcticed in diffent topographic points like schools, infirmaries roof tops and Windowss boxes etc and these are go oning in some countries.But there are different sorts of hurdlings like the deficit of H2O, land issue, envirnomental impacts of urban agri consequence the populace and make diseaes and wellness concerns.therefore mor advanced tecnolgies are required and metropoliss be aftering should back up the urban agri activities.The demand of more advanced production system is besides needed which can besides carry through the smallfamers enregy needs.Biofules shuold be produced from the residue of different harvests.

Frankenstein: Movie Vs. Book Essay

Frankenstein has been done and redone many many times. The most recent version starring Kenneth Branagh, who also directed it, and Robert DeNiro has many differences when compared to the original story. Mary Shelley?s original story provided a story line for the imagination of the filmmaker, making the movie related to the original story but also unique in itself. For the most part, if one were to only watch the movie they would have a fairly good sense of the book. There are many minor details which are different from the in the book and movie. One of the most apparent differences between the book and the movie is the actual appearance of the monster. In the book the monster is described having ?yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of lustrous black, and flowing, his teeth of pearly whiteness?watery eyes?shriveled complexion and straight black lips (35). In the movie the monster looked completely different than the description that the book provided. In the movie, the monster?s hair was not black rather it was brown. It had absolutely no ?flow? to it because it was cut very short. His skin was no yellow at all, rather he was a bit pale. Also his teeth did not stand out as pearly white. They were in fact white but nothing too noticeable. He did not seem to be a very muscular man as he was described in the book. His lips were not straight black, but were lips like regular people had. The filmmakers did do a great job distorting the monsters face. Also, in the book, the reader got a feeling that the monster had human like characteristics. The monster seemed to have a heart and to love and want to be around people (but he just could not be), while in the movie the monster seemed much meaner and less friendlily. Caroline and Elizabeth?s characters were a little bit different in the movie. In the book the picture of Caroline was found in a locket while in the movie it was just the picture found. Also in the book Caroline died from Scarlet Fever, while in the book she died at childbirth. In the book Elizabeth?s hair is described as being blonde, while in the movie her was brown.  Differences such as these did not take away from the movie. Elizabeth?s death was portrayed very differently in the movie than in the book. In the book the monster punched her chest and ripped out her heard and then threw her in a fire. The scene was very graphic. The scene in the book was not as graphic. There was no way that it could have been as graphic because the monster killed Elizabeth in the way he killed all the other by strangling her to death. In the movie after her death Victor cannot forgive himself and decides to bring her back to life, with her head and Justine?s body. The movie was dramatically different from the book because in the book he does not bring her back to life at all. Also in the movie when Victor brings her back to life, the monster thinks that he has created her for him and they have a little battle over her. Nothing like this happened in the book. Another minor detail that was not mentioned in the movie was that Victor had a brother named Ernest. This minor detail did not take away from the movie at all. What was a little bit different was that in the book Victor and Henry Clerval went to school together as young boys, while in the movie they meet at the University. In the book Henry Clerval dies and in the movie he does not. A bigger difference was that in the book Alphonso Frankenstein, Victor?s father just died, and in the movie the monster killed him. In the book the Victors father was a businessman and in the movie the father was a doctor, which was pretty different but it was not a dramatic difference. In the book Victor traveled to England and Scotland and in the book they did not show this. He was also jailed and then his father came to get him, but in the movie he did not spend any time in jail. There are many differences from the book and the movie. Most of the differences were very minor and did not make the story much different. But the few differences that were dramatically different had a big effect on the movies plot.

The Effect of MMR Vaccination to the Occurrence of Autism in Newborn Children

The MMR is a single shot vaccine which prevents the onset of deadly diseases that are common during childhood, such as measles, mumps, and rubella.The first shot of the vaccine is administered during the 12th to 15th month of an infant, and is followed by a booster shot during the 4th to 6th year. (Medline Plus) Several research studies and health care professionals have linked the MMR Vaccine to autism, despite its inclusion in the standard immunizations for infants.This has raised the interest of other health care professionals and has conducted several studies in order to prove whether the link between MMR vaccines and autism exists. The research studies shall be discussed in the following statements.The online portal for Evidence-Based Nursing have published several research studies which have proved that the occurrence or autism is not in any way connected to the said vaccine.The first research study was conducted by Wilson, Mills, Ross, et. al. based on epidemiological evidence s, that is a study that concentrates on the total population of those who received MMR vaccination, the rate of occurrence of autism with the increase in populations who receive the vaccine, the correlation between the time of vaccination to the occurrence of autism, and the relationship between certain types of Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and the vaccine. (Jack, 2004)For this particular review, several researches were used as sources, such as twelve researches studies from scholarly journals and articles. The study has revealed several evidences that prove there is no relation between MMR vaccines and autism.First, the risk of autism in children does not vary for vaccinated and unvaccinated populations. Second, the rate of occurrence of ASD is not influenced by the increased rate of populations getting the vaccine. Third, diagnosis for ASD has not increased over time after the vaccination of MMR. Lastly, there is no connection between the MMR vaccine and the occurrence of seve ral types of ASD. (Jack, 2004)The second research study was funded by the Danish National Research Foundation, National Vaccine Program Office & National Immunization Program, and National Alliance for Autism Research. It was conducted in Denmark with 537,303 children. Half of the total population studied for research purposes were males.Data were gathered from the Danish National Board of Health, wherein the researchers obtained significant information regarding the participants of the study. The breakdown of the total population of participants was such that 440,655 children were vaccinated, 316 children were diagnosed with autism, and 422 were diagnosed with ASD. However, further study proved that the children who were vaccinated with MMR were not at a higher risk of being diagnosed with autism. (Wright, 2003)The third research study was funded by the same institutions and researchers in the second research study; however, the focus of the study was to determine whether the combi nation of three vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccines, were connected with the diagnosis of autism.The participants included in the research study aforementioned were used in this particular research study. Additional information were obtained from the Danish Civil Registration System, Danish National Board of Health, Danish Medical Birth Registry, etc.The results of the study proved that there is no significant difference in the risk rate of vaccinated and unvaccinated children from being diagnosed with autism, and that the combination of the three vaccines in a single shot was not connected with the occurrence of autism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both the studies conducted in Denmark may be considered accurate because of the accurate data recorded in the Danish system.Moreover, because the two studies were conducted on a large population, consisting of both vaccinated and unvaccinated children, the results of the study may be considered precise and that parents should continue immunizing their children with the MMR vaccine. (Tidmarsh, 2003)These research studies suggest that people, especially members of the nursing practice, should be aware of this fact that there is no known connection between the MMR vaccine and the occurrence of autism. The news that came out about the links between the vaccine and autism caused inquiries, as well as fears, from families who have children vaccinated for MMR.Moreover, because of these issues, people would hesitate to let their children be immunized from measles, mumps, and rubella, leaving their children at high risk from contracting these deadly diseases.Members of the nursing practice, as well as health care professionals, should be aware of the facts and figures which disprove previous claims about MMR and autism in order for them to become the stakeholders’ reliable and trusty sources of information. This would encourage families to continue with the immunization process in order to protect their children from being exposed with the dangers of these diseases.Moreover, the knowledge of these evidences presented should be used by health care professionals in order to publicize the invalidation of rumors about MMR and autism or ASD. In order to strengthen their claim, further research should be conducted including wider population ranges and longer time frames for observations, so as to make sure there are no loopholes from which people may base their worries or fears. The important thing is that reliable health care professionals are able to clarify the misinformed and advocate MMR vaccination.Stating the possible dangers of measles, mumps, and rubella, and missing the vaccination, would be instrumental in assuring the people that there are no links between MMR vaccinations and autism or ASD.ReferencesMedline Plus. (2008). â€Å"MMR-Vaccine.† Retrieved April 12, 2008, from National Library ofMedicine. Website: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/articl e/002026.htmJack, S. (2004) â€Å"Review: Existing Epidemiological Evidence Does Not Show an AssociationBetween Mumps, Measles, and Rubella Vaccination and Autism. Evidence-Based Nursing. 2004 Jan; 7(1): 25. Website: http://www.cinahl.com.ezproxy.aut.ac.nz/cgi-bin/refsvc?jid=1646&accno=2004157790Tidmarsh, L. (2003). â€Å"There is Little Evidence that Combined Vaccination against Measles,Mumps and Rubella is Associated with Autism.† Evidence-Based Mental Health. 6(2): 62. Website: http://www.cinahl.com.ezproxy.aut.ac.nz/cgi-bin/refsvc?jid=2296&accno=2003085837Wright, S. (2003). â€Å"Measles, Mumps, and Rubella, Vaccine Was Not Associated With Autism inChildren.† Evidence-Based Nursing. 6(3): 89. Website: http://www.cinahl.com.ezproxy.aut.ac.nz/cgi-bin/refsvc?jid=1646&accno=2004050484   

Hamlet Literary Analysis Essay

Carl Jung is an expert in freudian theory but with a strong sense of the unconscious and its habit of revealing itself in symbolic form. His personality theory â€Å"The persona† is an archetype, or an organized principle based on things we see or do. Hamlet is an example of a person who is doing whatever it takes to accomplish what he thinks is right. Claudius gives a â€Å"false impression† that he uses to manipulate people’s opinions towards Hamlet. Through the physiological lens of Carl Jung, Hamlet comes off as insane trying to avenge his fathers death, while Claudius is the one trying to convince everyone he’s mad, to take his rightful place as king. Hamlet displays false impressions by pretending to be mad. He does this in order to get attention from his mother, who does not believe him when he tries to explain to her what the ghost told him about Claudius. Hamlet in despair thought that his plans were pointless and did not know what to do without the support he needed from his mother. This shows the ego nature of Hamlet. Hamlet is young and focuses a great deal on his ego and worries about the trivialities of the persona displaying his false impressions. Hamet only false impression. Hamlet was deceitful, he would create spectacles in which people would misinterpret his actions for someone who might be insane. â€Å"To be or not to be, that is the question† (III, i, 56) This is the question Hamlet is contemplating throughout the book, to live, or to die. He struggles with the thought of suicide many times as a result of no one believing him. Pretending to be mad is the only way he can come up with to try to avenge his fathers death. This quote emphasizes Hamlets inner struggle to cope with two opposing thoughts in his mind, preserving his moral integrity or avenging his father’s death. It’s hard to say if Hamlet is ever really insane in the play. He struggles with life changing decisions that can potentially change many lives, which would be good reasoning for causing madness. There are many points where you might believe Hamlet himself doesn’t even know the difference between who he is and who is is pretending to be. In order to keep his crown on the throne of Denmark, Claudius manipulates events, people’s lives and relationships. He makes use of his power along with other’s loyalty and trust. We know Hamlets hatred towards Claudius, for marrying his mother and trying to steal his place as king. But Hamlet is the only one who believes this, everyone else isn’t aware of his intentions. It is clear that we are intended to see Claudius not as a murderous villain, but a multi-faceted villain: someone who cannot refrain from doing what he feels is right. He is morally weak, and content to trade his humanity for very little. Claudius shows a strong false impression, proved by Carl Jung’s theory to be a â€Å"mask† used to present himself to the world. He’s trying to replace the King by taking everything that was his. â€Å"Though yet of Hamlet our dear brother’s death The memory be green, and that it us befitted To bear our hearts in grief and our whole kingdom To be contracted in one brow of woe,Yet so far hath discretion fought with nature That we with wisest sorrow think on him,Together with remembrance of ourselves†(1.2. 1) Here Claudius is talking to his people about how they should be mourning Old King Hamlet’s death, but it would be wise for the whole kingdom to move on quickly. This is part of the â€Å"mask† he is wearing for the people, considering hes the one who killed the King in the first place. Carl Jung’s theory proves itself to be true for both Hamlet and Claudius in the Play. His theory on the persona representing your public image is different, but apparent for both of them. For Hamlet, a false impression is apparent but for his gain only, He is pretending to be insane towards his mother because that the only way he feels he can get her attention. Claudius portrays a false impression towards all the people, because he is the only one that truly knows Hamlet is sane. His â€Å"mask† is to cover himself up for the Kings Murder. The truth comes out when its apparent He wants Hamlet killed. Jung states that at its worst, false impressions, can be mistaken, even by ourselves, for our true nature. This happens to Hamlet as he mistakes himself for many things he is not. â€Å"If one does not understand a person, one tends to regard him as a fool. † (Mysterium Coniunctionis). This relates to how everyone believes Hamlet is mad because they don’t understand what he saw and heard from his fathers ghost. Through the physiological lens of Carl Jung, Hamlet comes off as insane trying to avenge his fathers death and prove to his mother all he knows, while Claudius is the one trying to convince everyone he’s mad, to take his rightful place as king.

The Unpositives of the Dick and Carey Model Research Paper

The Unpositives of the Dick and Carey Model - Research Paper Example The method involves some disadvantages that hinder the effectiveness of the instruction process (Woolf & International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 2008). The methodology, when looked at closely, displays some suggestions. Firstly, the design involves the reduction model which disintegrates the components into simpler components. This implies that the teacher requires adopting a careful method of delivering the components to avoid losing track. Secondly, the tutor requires adopting the proper learning conditions. The wrong use of the conditioning learning can sometimes result in poor understanding from the pupils’ side. Thirdly, there appears the need for the application of an instructional system design: the system design requires adopting the system that facilitates instruction designing. Fourthly, the tutor requires implementing an extensively range of ideas including K12, business, administration, beginner, and expert (Woolf & International Conference on Int elligent Tutoring Systems, 2008). The model summarizes the methodology plan and development process. The authors view a system as, in principle, a combination of parts that rely on each other to facilitate the intended goal. The model acquired the name ‘system approach’ since it comprises components that relate to one another. The components have input and output. This means that a wrong input definitely results to a negative input. Dick and Carey view that the model uses the system approach with credible reasoning (Woolf & International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 2008). The systematic approach implies that the moment the teacher messes up the strategy, the whole procedure of learning ends up messed up. The results might imply that the teacher lost track of what the learner was required to learn. The components of the system though closely linked together might result into the wrong output since the input in the first place was wrong. The process involv ed in the system is practicable and can be replicated. The step that takes place in the ISD utilizes a set of procedures and techniques that the instructional designers require to adopt in planning, expanding, and assessing instructions (Woolf & International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 2008). The steps adopted include identification of the instructional goals; at this juncture, the instructor should identify the syllabus coverage as the course culminates. The goals require taking into consideration the needs considerations and the requirements of the learner. The instructors are required to identify the steps and sub-steps that will facilitate attainment of the goals by the learner. Instructional analysis scrutinizes the skills, know-hows, and attitudes that the learner’s exhibit and the ones they are supposed to hold prior to the instruction session. These skills can also be termed as the entry behaviors. The learner and the contexts that facilitate their le arning are scrutinized in parallel in the course of instruction analysis. The learners’ skills at the beginning of the instructions, preferences and attitudes become evident at this stage. The instruction situation where the new skills apply undergoes some analysis. The information attained at this stage becomes vital as it determines the strategy to be adopted in the course of the instruction

Leading in a changing world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leading in a changing world - Essay Example This paper tends to discuss the importance of ethical leadership in business, with focus on fashion industry, and how unethical leadership leads to business failure. Ethical leadership means â€Å"ethically motivating others in ethical directions† consisting of both â€Å"procedural† and â€Å"substantive† (character-based) aspects (Chumir 1992). The procedural dimension of ethical leadership includes problem-solving and decision-making techniques within the circle of ethics. The substantive aspect of ethical leadership includes knowledge, strong standards and courage to follow ethical directions despite strong opposition. Dr. Bill Grace (2007), the founder of the Center of Ethical Leadership, has put forth a â€Å"4-V Model of Ethical Leadership† that correlates the substantive (inner values, principles and standards) with the procedural (words, actions and deeds) dimensions of ethical leadership so that effective decision-making can be done. The substantive virtues include values, voice, vision, virtue; and, procedural virtues include framing actions according to ethics, task scheduling, problem solving, and decisio n making. Ethical behavior of leaders is just as important in the fashion industry as in any other field (Paulins and Hillery 2009). Fashion industry is based on fashion marketing and fashion buying- processes which must be based on ethics to get the fashion reach the hands of common people. Ethical procedures in fashion merchandising retail are necessary to make the product reach the department stores and hi-fi boutiques. Fashion industry is such a high-end business where unethical behavior proves to be fatal for the company. High-end profits in fashion industry make it very tempting for company owners and business to get involved in unethical behavior (Xaxx 2013). There are many brands in the market which use sweatshops and

Mathematical Concepts in Registered Nursing Career Research Paper

Mathematical Concepts in Registered Nursing Career - Research Paper Example They would normally be stationed in hospitals, home healthcare service providers, physicians’ offices and in nursing care facilities. Before licensing, prospective registered nurses should have acquired relevant academic qualifications in approved nursing program ranging from diploma to bachelor’s degree. To further understand the roles played by registered nurses, it would be critical to examine their specific duties.Specific Duties of a Registered Nurse Borrowing from the registered nurses’ outlook as documented by BLS, nurses observe patients and record symptoms of patients and their medical histories. Patients’ medical histories serve to give indications of their current medical condition. By analyzing the patients’ medical histories, the nurse would in essence be considering the past statistics. The nurse would be majorly concerned with relative frequencies of past medical conditions. To effectively achieve this, these nurses would appreciate t he important role played by measures of central tendencies including the median, mode and mean as documented by Meerschaert (214), in evaluating these historical observations. To make these numerical data useful to the registered nurse, there would be need to understand the concepts in probability and statistics so as to evaluate the chance and collect, organize, analyze and describe numerical data ). These mathematical functions help organize these observations in a meaningful manner.BLS also notes that nurses operate and monitor some medical equipment. This therefore means that the nurses have the ability to perform diagnostic tests and analyze the results thereof. Probability and statistics mathematics finds key application in nursing in the diagnosis of medical conditions. To be particular, relative frequencies of observed phenomena would give crucial leads to diagnosis of existing medical conditions. As discussed by Timmons, Johnson and McCook (351), relative frequencies would show the frequency of each category, in this case the categories being the medical conditions. Higher frequencies of a particular pathogen could point out at the medical condition being a consequent of such. Probability being a study of random events helps nurses in diagnosis such that higher relative frequencies indicate a higher probability of recurrence of such medical conditions. In consultation with doctors and other available healthcare professionals, nurses set up the plans for the care of patients or advise on the existing plans. They teach the patients together with their families on ways of managing their injuries or illnesses. Since public health and home health nurses travel to the location of patients to deliver such services, they would appreciate the knowledge of statistics and probability in planning their schedule so as to effectively utilize their resources. To be specific, nurses would plan to visit their patients densely distributed in a region at a go so as to save on time and resources. In offering care, nurses also give medicines and treatments to patients as observed by BLS. The quantity and frequency of drug intake they prescribe referred to as dosage in nursing terminology would be determined by the

The effect of the community sports leaders award on coaching efficacy Essay

The effect of the community sports leaders award on coaching efficacy - Essay Example The relevance of the work is displayed through the fact that there can hardly be found any profound researches which confirm the relationship of the coach training and the achievements of the athletes. The fact, that coaches should understand the role of the education efficacy as well as the main measurements and requirements towards this efficacy, which will ultimately lead to the higher indices of sport achievements among students and youth athletes. Coaching efficacy is measured through the extent, to which the coaches believe their efforts will provide positive results of their training for the athletes. Thus, it is necessary to provide the basic research in the area of possible connections between the self confidence of the coaches and the achievements of their athletes, thus giving the ground for further research in the similar areas. Youth sport coaches are expected to develop knowledge in a wide range of disciplines including anatomy, physiology, sport psychology and pedagogy (Martens, 1997), they traditionally received little formal training through coach education programmes. The effectiveness of these programmes has been questioned (Douge & Hastie, 1993; Woodman, 1993) and large scale coach education programmes have been criticised for their low ecological validity (Gilbert & Trudel, 1999; Houseworth, Davis & Dobbs, 1990). More recently the importance of coaching to athlete development and national sporting success has been recognised (Sports Coach UK, 2002,) and as a result it has been identified that effective instruction is crucial to the pursuit of optimal sporting performance (Hodges & Franks, 2002). The more effective the instruction, the more fully the instructors role will benefit the athlete. Such instruction requires expert knowledge and a range of skills such as planning and organising in order to facilitate learning experiences and athlete performance. Coaches must also develop a repertoire of sport specific techniques and tactics,

Corporate Financing Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Corporate Financing Report - Essay Example The company's chief also stated that this is done to increase the value of business for shareholders and to utilize the cash which is lying idle. The article is about financial management, because according to the fundamental principle, any cash lying idle is decreasing its future value. Therefore, all cash must be earning some returns too keep up with the future value. On the other hand if you look at the article critically, there are some weak arguments in it. When the firm says that it want to diversify to spread the risk, it should be aware that recession hits all the business and they may not be able to cover the losses. Similarly, firm will also have to make deep analysis about the future value of their investment. They cannot just invest in anything but they should make sure that they investing at the right place where the firm is not using future value of their cash, in other words, returns on this investment or profits should be greater than inflation rate in the country. Only this way future value of their money will remain stable and writer should have discussed this point in his article. If you have been able to crack a continued trend in the market about inflation rate and interest rate, you should adjust your capital spending on the basis of these. You should always go for those assets which are going to give you more return than inflation rate. ... you 12% returns whereas inflation rate in your country is 13%, then you should not buy this assets because you will be 1% worse off or your money value will be decreasing over time. Similarly, you should go for those assets which are giving you returns of more than the inflation rate and in this way purchasing power of money will not be deteriorating. Similarly, you should borrow money to invest in capital expenditure, only if it is deemed that you'll get more returns than the interest rate. If you buy an asset giving you 5% return whereas you have borrowed money at the rate of 8% then you will not be benefiting from that purchase but instead you will be losing money. So, identifying the market trend, it is imperative that all capital spending should be linked with inflation and interest rate. Such expenditures should only take play if the returns of this spending are greater than the forecasted inflation and interest rate. References James Pethokoukis, Reuters, Written on 10 June

Analyzing Orwell's1984 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analyzing Orwell's1984 - Essay Example This allusion to the wiping out of memories is symbolic of a process of erasing memories, by which actually the sense of self within each and every human being is erased, culture is erased (Orwell, Chapter 4). In chapter 5 of the book, one understands that the Party is in a process of destroying many words which are supposed to be useless from the language (Orwell, Chapter 5). The reason for this is spelled out by Syme, a friend of Winston, when he says, â€Å"in the end we shall make thoughtcrime literally impossible, because there will be no words in which to express it† (Orwell, Chapter 5). Here, thoughtcrime is the act of thinking against the Party and its laws. With this kind of progression of the narrative, the author has shown that people are deprived even of their power to think, disagree and dream; people are totally dehumanized (Orwell, Chapter 5). Loss of privacy is the most important aspect of the dehumanization process. In this novel, the face of the Big Brother a nd the caption, â€Å"Big Brother is watching you† follow the people everywhere thereby depriving them of even a moment of privacy (Orwell, Chapter 1). Even the â€Å"swirl of gritty dust† that enters with Winston into his apartment building is suggestive of the helplessness of people like him to have some personal space and time (Orwell, Chapter 1). Then there is this instrument on the wall, the tele-screen, which forces all to listen to what it says, through days and nights, so that nobody is allowed even the privacy for thought (Orwell, Chapter 1). When people have such voices screaming into their eardrums constantly, they become more like listening machines. Again, a helicopter is also seen sneaking into people's lives from the sky (Orwell, Chapter 1). By depicting these three presences- the Big Brother, the tele-screen and the helicopter- Orwell has in the very first page of his novel, made the readers apprehend that they are entering a world totally mechanical, y et very familiar in terms of certain aspects of modern life. As we read on, it is also communicated that the tele-screen is a receiver as well as transmitter (Orwell, Chapter 1). It is transmitting all the visuals and sounds that the protagonist made, to the thought police (Orwell, Chapter 1). From this moment, the reader actually enters the world of absolute power where, â€Å"you had to live-did live, from habit that become instinct- in the assumption that every sound you made was overheard, and, except in darkness, every moment, scrutinized† (Orwell, Chapter 1). The first chapter of this novel, in this manner, strongly predicts the drama that is about to be unraveled yet keeps the reader hooked to the text and yearning to read more. Chapter 6 unfolds another horror of living in the world controlled by the Party and Big Brother- there is no sexual freedom, no freedom to love a person from the other gender (Orwell, Chapter 6). The reason behind this is explained as given in the following paragraph: The aim of the Party was not merely to prevent men and women from forming loyalties which it might not be able to control. Its real, undeclared purpose was to remove all pleasure from the sexual act. Not love so much as eroticism was the enemy, inside marriage as well as outside it. All marriages between Party members had to be approved by

Philosophy and the Future Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Philosophy and the Future - Assignment Example The last theory that he put forward was that a person should accept the fact of absurdism and in this way, he would lead a better life. The reason behind this is that a person knows that life has no meaning and in that way, he would live his life to the fullest. Absurdism is one philosophy which actually denies a proper meaning to life. Many philosophers have argued against this. If absurdism is a belief that is universally accepted then it can be argued that the meaning of philosophy itself is nothing because since life has no purpose then why should one actually assess its outcome and search for a way of living. Not believing in life would actually mean not believing in one’s own existence. A logical explanation to the meaning of life is essential and it must be considered. The meaning of life is one thing that a person must analyze so that he understands his own existence. It is something that a person derives from learning and knowledge. Absurdism is actually an easy way out that a person discovers when he denies his search of life. Absurdism is actually living a life of self-denial. Meaning of life can be understood on the basis of religion as is accepted by many. It can also be based upon the principles of utilitarianism which i ndicates that the purpose of leading a normal life is dependant upon the principle of happiness which indicates that a person performs those acts which would bring about the maximum happiness. Religion and utilitarianism teach a person about his own existence, about the purpose of life and the creation of a happy and healthy world. Human beings are finite beings. Despite that many philosophers have put forward the theory about the existence of God who as explained is an infinite, Supreme Being. This means that human beings definitely have the power to consider and examine the infinite being.  

Challenges of the Twenty-Year Veteran Seeking Federal Employment Research Proposal

Challenges of the Twenty-Year Veteran Seeking Federal Employment - Research Proposal Example The paper tells that the Federal Executive branch has been recognized to be the principal owner with regard to Veteran employees in the United States. A huge number of Veterans are believed to be engaged presently in different agencies throughout the country as well as the world. The Federal government is learnt to comprise augmented number of Veterans as its employees in comparison to the other private segments. It has been further found that the Federal government even plans to increase its recruitment of Veterans in the various fields of services. Employing Veterans by the government is not only considered to be morally appropriate but is also believed to be advantageous from the business point of view. It is considered to be quite beneficial as the government is often believed to put in noteworthy amount of resources for the reason of training as well as development with regard to the military service workforce. The insistent steps taken towards keeping hold of the evolutionary m ilitary service workforce within the government aid in making the most of their return on the made investments. This also facilitates the government to make recruitments and fill up the places that entails higher requirements in the Federal agencies. The twenty-year veterans’ were found to witness challenges while seeking federal employment after the completion of their service in the armed forces. This is proving to be discouraging for the twenty-year veterans’ as they are being held back from leading a normal life post service. The main challenges faced by the twenty-year veterans’ along with the causes are considered to be the problem which is aimed to be explored in this study. Purpose Statement The purpose of this study will be to focus on the various challenges faced by the twenty-year veterans while seeking federal employment. The study will also intent to identify the causes triggering the challenges along with suggesting suitable solutions. Conceptual T heoretical Framework The aim of this research will be to identify the challenges faced by the twenty-year veterans while looking for federal employment. The research will relate to the laws favoring the appointment of twenty-year veterans’ in federal employment and the other relevant laws related to the preference and disabilities along with the needed steps that is required to be undertaken in this context. Research Questions The research questions in relation to the topic of the research identified are: The kind of challenges witnessed by the veterans’ The role of the Veterans’ Preference Laws in overcoming the challenges Literature Review From the time period with regard to the Civil War, considerable extents of preference in the course of selection in relation to the Federal jobs are being provided to the Veterans related to the Armed Forces. Taking into consideration the degree of sacrifices made with regard to those individuals offering their services in t he field of Armed Forces, the Congress passed laws with the intention to avoid or check veterans on the lookout for Federal service from being reprimanded owing to the amount of time spent by an individual in the field of military service (Howell, 2011). According to the regulations, the physically disabled veterans or the ones who rendered their respective service in relation to dynamic responsibility with regard to the Armed Forces in the course of definite particular time phases or even in military movements would enjoy certain